When should I start having pap smears?
A young women needs to see the gynecologist if she believes she will require birth control. She should then start having pap smears within three years of becoming sexually active.

Do I have to have a pap smear every year?
It depends on your risk factors. Most women in their twenties and thirties have a pap smear once per year. This is especially true if you have had any abnormal pap smears in the past. You may not always need pap smears annually, as the years go on, but your breasts and ovaries should be checked at least yearly.

Are hormones for menopause safe?
Like everything in life, medication may have a slight risk. Women who choose to use postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy need to discuss the risks and benefits with their doctor to see what the best personal course of treatment should be. Often the benefits of HRT far outweigh the risks.

What do I do if I miss one birth control pill?
Take the missed pill as soon as you realize you have missed taking it. If this is the next day, double up with two pills. If you miss two or more pills, contact your doctor.

Is vaginal discharge normal?
Yes, often it is. However if you experience itching or discomfort with a new discharge, contact your doctor.

What if my periods become irregular or abnormal?
There may be nothing wrong with this situation, but it is always better to discuss your personal situation with your doctor. Testing may need to be performed.

What is HPV?
HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) is known to be the causitive agent of genital warts, abnormal pap smears and cervical cancer.